Books 14 &15 Question Response

How does Eumaeus show an understanding of hospitality?

Eumaeus shows an understanding of hospitality by taking Odysseus, who is disguised as an old beggar, in.First he scatters the dogs from Odysseus. He, then, offers him bread and wine and his own bed to rest upon. Eumaeus states : "It's wrong, my friend, to send any stranger packing-even one who arrives in worse shape than you. Every stranger and beggar comes from Zeus and whatever scrap they get from the likes of us they'll find it welcome," (303).




 Why does Odysseus see Eumaeus as one of his trusted slaves?

He sees Eumaeus as one of his trusted slaves because he is loyal. For example, throughout the chapter he is called "the loyal swineherd" Also, Eumaeus displays his loyalty to Odysseus by talking highly of Odysseus and his son Telemachus. He tells the "beggar" about his great master and how kind he is and what a beautiful wife he has. He also talks about how rich his master is. Eumaeus also constantly expresses his wish for his master's (Odysseus) return. He also expresses his disgust about the suitors.

Book 9 Questions

Book 9: Discussion Questions

1. Why does Odysseus say they sacked the city of the Cicones?
   He says this because it is important to his later on journey. When he sacks the city of Cicones they kill all the men and take the riches. When Odysseus wants to move on, his men have become drunk with power and continue to sack Cicones. However, Cicones' allies come and attack Odysseus' men. They depart quickly, but they had lost many men in the struggle. So now he has a significantly less amount of men.
2. What effect does the lotus have on anyone who tastes it?
   It makes the eaters forget their purpose, and continue to eat it. When Odysseus and his men reach the island of the lotus eaters, he sends out two men to explore the island and find people. They find the lotus eaters who eat the lotus, a sweet honey fruit. Soon the men didn't want to leave and didn't want to travel back home. Odysseus, in the end, drags the reluctant men back to the ship.
3. What was unusual about the island that lies near the island of the Cyclops?
    The island has a thick wood where many wild goats breed and eat.  What's unusual is, there are no men, no hunters and no lands plowed or with wheat. The island, if someone live there, would be good because it has fertile soil and clear land for plowing. It also has a fresh spring.

4. What is the occupation of the Cyclops?
   The cyclops is a herder. He herds lambs, sheep, goats and rams. All of the animals are very large.
5. What does Odysseus take with him when they go to investigate the Cyclops' cave?
   The skin of irresistible wine, which he earned from saving a priest of Apollo, Maron, and his family. Maron gave Odysseus many other gifts as well including: seven bars of gold, a mixing bowl of silver and the 'secret' and 'rare' wine of the gods. 
6. How many men does the Cyclops eat each time he eats?
   He eats two men at a time.
7. Why doesn't Odysseus just kill the Cyclops?
   While the Cyclops sleeps, Odysseus thought about taking out his dagger and killing the Cyclops. However, he realizes that that is a bad idea. He realizes that he and his men could not push back the great stone, which blocked the doorway.
   
   
8. How does Odysseus trick the Cyclops with his name?
   When the Cyclops asks Odysseus' name, Odysseus replies that he is 'nobody' After, Odysseus offers the Cyclops the skin of wine which gets the Cyclops drunk. The Cyclops says he will do Odysseus a favor and eat him last. When the Cyclops passes out, Odysseus wounds the Cyclops, the other Cylcops come out to see what's wrong. The Cyclops cried, 'nobody is hurting me!' thinking Odysseus is 'nobody' In return, the others go back to their homes.
9. How is Odysseus able to blind the Cyclops?
   He finds a big piece of olivewood. He chops part of it off and rolls it to his men and orders them to shave it down smooth. Odysseus makes a very sharp stabbing point. Then he and his men turn it towards the fire to make the tip hard. After Odysseus gets the Cyclops drunk, Odysseus pokes the eye out with the great piece of wood.
10. What boastful act does Odysseus do which could set up his suffering later?
    He taunts the Cyclops He calls the Cyclops weak a coward. He tells him Zeus and the other gods have paid him back. He continues to mock the Cylcops despite his men's pleas for him to stop.

Book 6 and 7

Book 6:

Why does Athena appear to Nausicaa in a dream?

Athena goes to Nausicaa to chastise her about her clothes about her room. Athena tells Nausicaa it is shameful for her to leave her good clothes on the floor. She tells Nausicaa that she will be married soon and she should be dressed in her finest. Athena, then, tells Nausicaa she will help her in the morning. Athena tells Nausicaa all this to get Nausicaa to go down to the shore where Odysseus lay on the shore. She knows that Nausicaa will probably take pity on Odysseus and will help him.


What details indicate the wealth of Arete's and Alcinious's palace?

As Odysseus walks to the palace he sees many sights that indicate that Arete and Alcinious are very wealthy. First he sees how large the palace is. Also he sees that the walls are plated in bronze, and the doorposts are silver with golden handles. He also sees statues of 'guard dogs' in gold. He also sees Phaeacian lords in gold drinking and dining. Outside the courtyard he sees a large orchard with beautiful trees, including olive trees.

The Odyssey Book 8

Some critics believe that the character of Demodocus is based on Homer himself and thus have attributed his blindness to him. How is the bard described? How does Odysseus describe him?

The bard, Demodocus, is described as blind, but gifted by song. It is said that he was taught by the Muses or the god Apollo, but for his gift he was blinded: "she (Muses) stripped him of sight but gave the man the power of stirring, rapturous song" (193). Odysseus praises the bard highly for his talent to stir the emotions: "I respect you, Demodocus, more than any man alive-surely the Muse has taught you, Zeus's daughter, or god Apollo himself" (207). Odysseus, himself, was moved to tears as the bard sang about Troy. 

Book 5: Nymph and Shipwreck Response

Question 5: Why do you think Odysseus would rather be with Penelope than Calypso? What gift is he willin to forego to pursue that goeal?

On page 159, of Book 5 the goddess Calypso asks Odysseus why he would rather go back home to Penelope than stay on the island. Calypso makes a clear point that it isn't right for a mortal woman to rival a goddess. She also makes a point that Penelope isn't as close to herself in beauty. Odysseus agrees that his wife, Penelope falls short of Calypso's beauty and stature and that Penelope is mortal whereas Calypso is immortal. He tells Calypso that the main reason he wants to return to Penelope is, he wants to return to his homeland and see the dawn. He states, "She (Penelope) falls far short of you, your beauty, stature. She is mortal after all and you, you never age or die...Nevertheless I long-I pine, all my days- to travel home nd see the dawn of my return," (159)

Doctor Who: Midnight Comparison to Lord of the Flies

In the episode 'Midnight', Doctor Who goes on a trip through on the planet with only a couple other passengers (another doctor, his assistant, a wife, husband and son and a lone woman) This episode eerily reflects the themes, characters and plot to William Golding's novel Lord of the Flies.


There are many plot similarities here to Lord of the Flies. One, the van breaking down and being stranded that's pretty obvious. When the driver says he saw something moving outside, that represents the mulberry kid bringing fear to the group with talk of a beast. Once the lady is possessed she kind of represents the beast, the physical aspect of it. The passengers figure they must have to kill the lady to be rid of it, reflecting Jack's thoughts on hunting the 'beast' Also, when they try to kill Doctor Who because they think he's the beast too that's sort of like when Jack is hunting for Ralph. When the hostess sacrifices herself for the good of others, that obviously represents Simon's 'sacrifice' to save the rest of the group.

The theme of Lord of the Flies is human nature. Basically, if humans are placed in a place where society limits have disappeared, they revert to their instincts or human nature...which isn't necessarily a good thing. In the episode 'Midnight', the passengers all seem very nice at the beginning, but once things go wrong the passengers change. For one, when they all agree to throw out the lady Doctor Who asks if they could really kill an innocent woman, which they all agree.

The characters in Lord of the Flies are also reflected in this episode. Doctor Who is obviously Ralph because he becomes the natural leader for the passengers when things go wrong. The other doctor is Jack, because throughout the episode this character is constantly trying to show up Doctor Who or contradicting him. Even as the episode nears it's end, and things are going mad the passengers vote that the other doctor should be leading them (much like how Jack created his own tribe). The other doctor's assistant is Piggy, because she is very smart but often put down by her boss, the other doctor. The son of the husband and wife can be thought of as a Simon figure, because in the beginning of the episode he is rather quiet and near the end of the episode he starts giving reasonably decisions and rationalities, however he too gives in to killing the woman. The hostess can also be a Simon figure because she sacrifices herself for the good of others.

Lord of the Flies Chapter 5 & 6

Chapters 5 of Lord of the Flies shows beginning of the break down of society on the island. The whole beginning of chapter 5, Ralph is getting ready for an assembly. The problems he addresses are: not going to the bathroom by the rocks, not everyone helping to build the huts and keeping the fire going. The group, especially the littl'uns, don't take it very seriously. Jack also keeps interrupting Ralph, even though Ralph has the conch. Ralph also questions why society is breaking down when the island was fun at first, but then people began getting frightened.This is the point in the story where the 'Beastie' becomes a bigger part of the story.

Jack blames the littl'uns for starting the scare of the 'Beastie' (the boy with the mulberry mark). This is a biblical reference to 'Cain and Abel', in which Cain killed his brother Abel with jealous rage. In return, God marked Cain for his sins so when people saw Cain they would be frightened. The boy with the mulberry mark is like Cain because the boy with the mulberry mark instilled fear into the whole group.

During this chapter, it is also implied that there is no beast but the boys are the beast themselves. For example, p. 83:
"What would a beast eat?"
"Pig"
"We eat pig"
Also on p. 89, Simon brings up this point.
"What I mean is...maybe it's only us"


Chapter 6 starts off on an ironic note. In chapter five, Ralph desperately wishes for a sign from the grown-up world while the others wish for their homes. This comes true, but in a dark way. A pilot from a war going on up above the island falls to the island. The pilot is soon discovered by the twins Sam and Eric on the mountain, they mistake the pilot for the beast and instill even more fear into the groups.

Ralph, Jack and the others immediately round up a group to search the island for the beast. On the way to the mountain, Jack discovers a 'shelter' and a large boulder placed precariously on the cliff. Jack wants to move everyone up there and the group agrees with him, but Ralph. Ralph makes a point that there's no water close by and no food. Ralph commands the group to move on. This is the beginning of the signs of a breakdown of the groups. P. 108 "Mutinously, the boys fell silent or muttering"

Chapters 5 & 6 are a turning point in Lord of the Flies because it shows the beginning of a breakdown in society and a breakdown in groups. The beast also becomes a bigger part in the story.